• Experiment Blunted fear potentiated startle due to

  2020-12-17

  

  Experiment 2: Blunted fear-potentiated startle due to deficient fear acquisition. SERT+/+ and SERT+/− showed significant acquisition of the cue-shock association, whereas SERT−/− did not (trial×genotype interaction: F2,50=3.3, pand melk inhibitor of fear-potentiated startle. Acquisition: Followin

• br Methods Adult male B CRHtklee mice g at the

  2020-12-17

  

  Methods Adult male B6, 129 CRHtklee mice (25–30g at the beginning of the experiments) that were wild-type (CRF1R+/+) and recessive homozygous or knockout (CRF1R−/−) were housed six per cage. Mice were 3–5months old and derived from mating CRF1R+/− breeders (Jackson Laboratory, California). Wild-t

• Although many neurotransmitters e g

  2020-12-17

  

  Although many neurotransmitters (e.g., catecholamines, serotonin, and excitatory/inhibitory amino acids) have been implicated in the modulation of anxiety-like responses (Carobrez et al., 2001, Molchanov and Guimaraes, 2002, Vianna et al., 2001), the so-called atypical neurotransmitters, endocannabi

• br Study br Study meta analyses br Discussion Ten

  2020-12-17

  

  Study 1 Study 2: meta-analyses Discussion Ten studies have examined the associations of 5-HTTLPR and COMT Val158Met with alexithymia. However, the findings were mixed. In this study, we found that neither the 5-HTTLPR nor COMT Val158Met is associated with alexithymia. The previous findings

• Several TERRA binding proteins have also been

  2020-12-17

  

  Several TERRA-binding proteins have also been discovered, especially telomeric duplex DNA binding proteins TRF1 and TRF2, pointing to a significant role of TERRA in more general chromosome biology [14], [20], [21]. TRF2 is a key component of Shelterin that protect chromosome termini [22]. Telomeres

• A widely accepted mechanism to differentiate hESCs into

  2020-12-17

  

  A widely accepted mechanism to differentiate hESCs into cardiomyocytes is through perturbation of the canonical Wnt/β-catenin pathway. Initial Wnt activation is required to form the WM-2474 synthesis [3]. Thereafter, it is believed that inhibition of the canonical Wnt/β-catenin pathway is pivotal fo

• The contradictory effects exerted by metals were reviewed by

  2020-12-17

  

  The contradictory effects exerted by metals were reviewed by Nunes (2011) that stated that the concentration and the species of metal can cause specific effects in ChE activity. Being environmentally exposed, the organism can accumulate metals in tissues, increasing their concentrations. Some author

• All of the studies referred to above were on microvillous

  2020-12-17

  

  All of the studies referred to above were on microvillous membrane from hSTB; however, there is little information regarding conductances in the basal membrane. Illsley and Sellers, using a fluorescent technique, determined the relative permeabilities of cations and chloride in basal membrane vesicl

• To better understand the mechanism of splicing in CLCN

  2020-12-17

  

  To better understand the mechanism of splicing in CLCN1, we began by constructing a minigene spanning exons 5–7 of CLCN1, resulting in the synthetic CLCN1 (5–7) minigene. We also established a new assay using real-time reverse transcription (RT)-PCR, which can distinguish between splicing variants b

• ERR induces the expression of P c in

  2020-12-17

  

  ERRγ induces the expression of P450c17 in MA-10 cells and in mouse primary Leydig cells (Fig. 2). Deletion mutant analysis of putative ERRγ-binding sites in the P450c17 promoter suggested that only the proximal third site located between −269 bp and −136 bp within the P450c17 promoter is functional

• Anaesthetized mice of one eNOS

  2020-12-17

  

  Anaesthetized mice of one eNOS-KO strain showed a paradoxical decrease in blood pressure (BP) in response to i.p. administration of the NOS-inhibitor L-NA suggesting a role for non-endothelial isoforms of NOS in maintaining BP [1]. Alternatively, diminution in the activity of the renin-angiotensin s

• br Introduction Schistosomiasis one of

  2020-12-17

  

  Introduction Schistosomiasis, one of the major parasitic diseases that affect humans in tropical and subtropical countries, is an acute and chronic condition caused by blood flukes (trematode worms) of the genus Schistosoma (World Health Organization, 2014). Schistosomiasis infects over 240 milli

• br STAR Methods br Microenvironmental niches for na ve

  2020-12-17

  

  STAR★Methods Microenvironmental niches for naïve and activated B cells Secondary lymphoid organs, such as the spleen and lymph nodes, are structurally and functionally compartmentalized to provide a set of microenvironmental niches that support the survival of resting B cells, as well as the a

• Verapamil a calcium channel blocker used clinically as

  2020-12-16

  

  Verapamil, a calcium channel blocker used clinically as a coronary vasodilator, was amongst the first compounds identified that could reverse MDR and potentiate the effects of MDR1 substrates such as vincristine [15], [16]. Verapamil, along with a number of other MDR1 blockers, have proved largely u

• br In half a century after its first biochemical characteriz

  2020-12-16

  

  In 2015–2016, half a century after its first biochemical characterization as a template-independent polymerase, it was shown that TdT can, firstly, assemble a DNA synapsis by itself, optimally with one micro-homology base-pair between strands [] and secondly, perform a template-dependent nucleotid

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